<html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body dir="auto">Sometimes the refrain is marked by the word “refrain” or “chorus” at which point we would of course transcribe that in our Braille scores. <div><br></div><div>But as far as I know there isn’t a specific symbol that is used. (I’ve been a musician for 40 years and haven’t ever come across this).</div><div><br></div><div> You may be thinking of dal segno symbols which mark places to which you return and play again. These are not considered refrains but just points of return in a larger repeat framework. </div><div>The dal segno sign is represented in Braille by dots 346. </div><div><br></div><div>Kathleen <br><br><div dir="ltr">Sent from my iPhone</div><div dir="ltr"><br><blockquote type="cite">On Sep 9, 2022, at 8:16 AM, Tkáčik Michal via Menvi-discuss <menvi-discuss@menvi.org> wrote:<br><br></blockquote></div><blockquote type="cite"><div dir="ltr">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<p>Hello Karen and all,</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p>thank you very much for your answer. In ink-print there is an symbol for refrain I think.</p>
<p>Would you say that in Braille it is not needed? Isn't there a need for example to have general sign for beginning and end of refrain?
<br>
</p>
<p>I know - that's really minor problem. I am though working on Braille standards in Slovakia and I am willing and eager to listen to professionals in all.
<br>
</p>
<p>Any answer from you will be highly appreciated. <br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p>Thank you. <br>
</p>
<p>Michal Tkacik<br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">S úctou / Best regards
Mgr. Michal Tkáčik ⠠⠍⠛⠗⠲⠀⠠⠍⠊⠉⠓⠁⠇⠀⠠⠞⠅⠡⠩⠊⠅
hlavný koordinátor Slovenskej autority pre Braillovo písmo / Lead coordinator of the Braille Authority of Slovakia
⠠⠎⠇⠕⠧⠑⠝⠎⠅⠡⠀⠁⠥⠞⠕⠗⠊⠞⠁⠀⠏⠗⠑⠀⠠⠃⠗⠁⠊⠇⠇⠕⠧⠕⠀⠏⠌⠎⠍⠕
Slovenská autorita pre Braillovo písmo / the Braille Authority of Slovakia
Slovenská knižnica pre nevidiacich Mateja Hrebendu v Levoči / Matej Hrebenda Slovak Library for the Blind in Levoča
Telefónne číslo / Telephone Number: +421.915.937.069
e-mail: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:SABP@skn.sk">SABP@skn.sk</a>
(V prípade, že dlho neodpovedám na e-mail, mohlo sa tak stať z dôvodu komplikácií na poštovom serveri. V takom prípade, prosím, použite adresu <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:svktkacm@gmail.com">svktkacm@gmail.com</a>)
(in the case of slow response or none due to the possible server complications, please use my e-mail: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:svktkacm@gmail.com">svktkacm@gmail.com</a>)
web: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.skn.sk/SABP">www.skn.sk/SABP</a>
EBU Forum web: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.livingbraille.eu">https://www.livingbraille.eu</a></pre>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 8. 9. 2022 13:12, Karen Gearreald via Menvi-discuss wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite" cite="mid:001a01d8c373$e3369490$a9a3bdb0$@cox.net">
<meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 14 (filtered
medium)">
<style>@font-face { font-family: Calibri; }
@font-face { font-family: Tahoma; }
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal { margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; }
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink { color: blue; text-decoration: underline; }
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed { color: purple; text-decoration: underline; }
p { margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; }
span.EmailStyle18 { font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); }
.MsoChpDefault { font-size: 10pt; }
div.WordSection1 { page: WordSection1; }</style><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1026" />
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">
<o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1" />
</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]-->
<div class="WordSection1">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">There is no special symbol for the refrain in braille vocal music. To mark a refrain, simply braille the fully capitalized, uncontracted word CHORUS or REFRAIN<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> Karen Gearreald<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div style="border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF
1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> Menvi-discuss [<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:menvi-discuss-bounces@menvi.org">mailto:menvi-discuss-bounces@menvi.org</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Tkácik Michal via Menvi-discuss<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Thursday, September 08, 2022 6:53 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:menvi-discuss@menvi.org">
menvi-discuss@menvi.org</a><br>
<b>Cc:</b> Tkáčik Michal<br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Menvi-discuss] A Braille mark for refrain<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p>Dear Listers,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p>Please, can anybody tell me, if there is some mark in Braille for refrain or chorus in a song? I was trying to look for it in 1996 music notation but I couldn't find anything.
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>Please, when there is, can you send me exact dot pattern?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>Thank you very much for your help.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p>Michal Tkacik<o:p></o:p></p>
<p><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<br>
<fieldset class="moz-mime-attachment-header"></fieldset>
<pre class="moz-quote-pre" wrap="">---------
Thank you for subscribing to MENVI. Should you wish to unsubscribe, change your delivery, or set any other options available to you, please view the list information page below. Should you have any questions, please contact the owner of the list.
_______________________________________________
Menvi-discuss mailing list
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:Menvi-discuss@menvi.org">Menvi-discuss@menvi.org</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://mail.menvi.org/mailman/listinfo/menvi-discuss_menvi.org">http://mail.menvi.org/mailman/listinfo/menvi-discuss_menvi.org</a>
</pre>
</blockquote>
<span>---------</span><br><span></span><br><span>Thank you for subscribing to MENVI. Should you wish to unsubscribe, change your delivery, or set any other options available to you, please view the list information page below. Should you have any questions, please contact the owner of the list.</span><br><span>_______________________________________________</span><br><span>Menvi-discuss mailing list</span><br><span>Menvi-discuss@menvi.org</span><br><span>http://mail.menvi.org/mailman/listinfo/menvi-discuss_menvi.org</span><br></div></blockquote></div></body></html>